Etiology Mnemonic: RSTUV Lichtman Classification and Management Stage Description Treatment Mnemonic: ABCD Mnemonic: ABCD I Abnormal MRI (decreased T1 intensity; variable T2 intensity) or scintigraphy Analgesics + immobilization II Bone sclerosis ± Bone breaks (fracture lines) Bony procedures:1. Negative or Neutral ulnar variance: Joint levelling procedure (Radius shortening osteotomy; Ulnar…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Zero Position of Saha
Zero Position Zero position is the position during elevation in coronal or sagittal plane or in any plane where: Zero position of shoulder The humerus is elevated to about 165° with individual variations and is in the newly acquired scapular plane (around 45° anterior to the coronal plane). The humeral…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Triangles of Neck
Triangles Subdivisions Boundaries Floor Contents Clinical relevance Anterior Digastric (submandibular) – further subdivided into 3 small triangles:a. Lesser’sb. Pirogov’sc. Beclard’s 2 digastric belliesMandible Mylohyoid Submandibular glandSubmandibular nodesFacial nerve – Marginal mandibular branch (MMB)Facial vesselsLingual vesselsHypoglossal nerveNerve to mylohyoid Incision 2 finger breadth below inferior border of mandible avoids MMB of…
Surgical Skills 
Swashbuckler (Modified Anterolateral) Approach to Distal Femur
Advantages: Patient position: Supine with a roll under the knee to allow knee flexion Tourniquet: Not used unless required Incision: Superficial dissection: 1. Fascia is incised in line of incision & sharply dissected off the vastus lateralis muscle laterally to its inclusion with the iliotibial band, to expose the quadriceps…
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How to apply for King’s Award?
The King’s Award for Voluntary Service, formerly known as The Queen’s Award for Voluntary Service, is presented annually to UK voluntary sector groups. Recipients are announced in the London Gazette on 2nd of June, marking Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation anniversary. Starting in 2023, the awards will shift to 14 November,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Colorectal carcinoma – Duke Staging and Management
TNM stage Duke’s stage Description 5 yr survival Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy 0 – Tis, N0, M0 Limited to mucosa >95% Local excision/polypectomy → Surveillance No No Mnemonic I – T1-2, N0, M0 A A-Ok limited to bowel wall only 90% Wide surgical resection + Anastomosis No No II – T3-4,…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Spleen, Liver, Kidney Trauma
Approach to abdominal trauma has been discussed earlier. Spleen Injury Liver Injury Kidney Injury General 2nd m/c injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma m/c injury requiring operative intervention in blunt trauma m/c injured intra-abdominal organ overall m/c injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma m/c from blunt trauma maximum warm ischemia…
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How to Make Your Travel Experience More Comfortable and Enjoyable
Travelling is exciting and can help you grow. It might also be difficult to maintain comfort and enjoyment. Consider using a few travel stress-reduction tactics to make your trips more enjoyable. Pack light and smart Packing efficiently is crucial to a comfortable trip. Packing too much might cause tension and…