APPLICATION: Apply only to a healthy limb or with caution to an unhealthy limb SIZE OF TOURNIQUET: Arm, 10 cm; leg, 15 cm or wider in large legs SITE OF APPLICATION: Upper arm; mid/upper thigh ideally PADDING: At least two layers of orthopaedic felt SKIN PREPARATION: Occlude to prevent soaking…
Author: Epomedicine
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Mnemonic Approach to Elbow Xray – FOOL
Mnemonic: FOOLa. Fat padsb. Overt findings and outlinesc. Ossification centersd. Lines Fat pads The elbow joint has anterior and posterior fat pads which are extra-synovial but within the articular capsule. These are present as a radiolucent (black) line (compared to bone and surrounding soft tissues) in lateral X-rays. Normal finding:…
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6 Men’s Health Issues You Should Know About
Although a man’s body is a complex machine that can repair itself in amazing ways, like most machines, the human body can have problems and defects during its long life. Whether it is an illness, stress, or other physical complication, knowing how to deal with the problem can often help…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Acute Stroke Management : Mnemonic Approach
Mnemonic: BRAIN ATTACK a. Blood pressure: Antihypertensives are recommended only in following conditions: SBP >220 mmHg, DBP >120 mmHg or MAP >130 mmHg (Target SBP reduction by 15% in 1st 24 hours) End organ damage: Acute MI, Aortic dissection, Hypertensive encephalopathy, Severe left ventricular failure Candidates for thrombolysis: SBP >185…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Amylase and Lipase in Acute Pancreatitis
Test Rise Peak Return to baseline Lipase 4-6 hours 48 8-14 days Amylase 2-4 hours 24-48 5-7 days Serum lipase elevation has a better diagnostic value as compared to serum amylase due to its superior specificity. Amylase has a low molecular weight and as a result can easily pass through…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Beta-Blockers : Mnemonics
We have 1 heart and 2 lungs. a. B1 – heartb. B2 – bronchial wall Cardioselective (B1) vs Non-selective (B1 and B2) beta blockers Beta blockers with 1st letter from A to N are Cardioselective: Acebutolol Atenolol Bispoprolol Betaxolol Celiprolol Esmolol Metoprolol Nebivolol Nebivolol = NO donor Beta blockers with…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
Pharmacokinetics Mnemonics
ADME is the 4-letter acronym used to describe pharmacokinetics: ABCD is another 4-letter acronym used to describe pharmacokinetics: The most important pharmacokinetic parameters from a dosing point of view are: Vd = Volume of distributionD = DoseCo = Concentration in plasmaCL = ClearancekE = Elimination constantt1/2 = Half life In…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS
ECG Axis Determination : Mnemonic
Lead I = left (0 degrees)Lead aVF = floor (90 degrees) Lead I +ve and Lead aVF +ve = Between 0-90 degrees (Normal axis) Lead I -ve and Lead aVF +ve = Between 90-180 degrees (Right axis deviation) Lead I +ve and Lead aVF -ve = Between 0 to -90…