Setting Mnemonic: IPC Perception of condition/seriousness Invitation from the patient to give information Knowledge – giving medical facts Explore Emotions and Empathize Strategy and Summary SPIKES protocol in application Practice: https://www.oscesense.com/osce-practice-communication-breaking-bad-news-2 References:
Clinical Skills and Approaches 
History Taking : Sequence and Mnemonics
Introduction Mnemonic: WIPER General information Mnemonic: DNA SORAN Presenting Complaint (PC) A good opening question might be “What seems to be the problem today?”. It must be recorded: It can be recorded as: History of Presenting Complaint (HPC) Start in the order of PC, i.e. reverse chronological order. The HPC…
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MRCS Part A : Experience
Exam and Results Exam date: September 12, 2023 Result date: October 5, 2023 Attempt: First Background: Recently passed PG in Orthopedics and Trauma from Nepal Maximum possible score overall: 299 (1 question was cancelled) Overall score required to pass: 200 (66.8%) Score obtained: 250 (83.6%) Application Preparation Preparation time: 3…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Peptic Ulcer (Johnson) Classification
Mnemonic: 1. 1 is Less 2. 2 is Two 3. 3 is Pre- 4. 4 is Door 5. 5 is 5 letter (NSAID) Type Mnemonic Location Acid hypersecretion Complications Surgery I (55%) Less Lesser curvature No Bleeding uncommon Distal gastrectomy with BI, BII or RY GJ anastomosis II (20%) Two…
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Unfolding Linguistic Progress: A Close Look at Speech Development in 1 to 2-Year-Olds
(Disclaimer: The article is a promotional informative content ) The language development journey that children embark on between the ages of one and two is a captivating and critical aspect of their cognitive growth. This phase witnesses rapid strides in their speech and language abilities, signifying important developmental milestones. Decoding…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Statistics – High Yield (Cheat Sheet)
Normal distribution Non-normal distribution a. Positive skew: Longer or fatter tail on right b. Negative skew: Longer or fatter tail on left 2X2 tables Disease present Disease absent Test positive TP FP Test negative FN TN Event Non-event Exposed or Treatment a b Non-exposed or Placebo c d Formulae Incidence…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Phases of Clinical Trial : Mnemonic
Clinical trials conduct ‘human experiments’. Three fundamental principles apply: Blinding: Phases: Mnemonic: I SWIM Phase Purpose Name Sample Blinding and control 0 Initial (Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics) Microdosing studies Healthy volunteers (smaller) No I Safe? (Safe maximum dose and tolerability) Human pharmacology and safety Healthy volunteers (larger) No II Works? (Efficacy)…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerves
Origin: Tibial nerve (both medial and lateral plantar nerve) Similar to: Course and innervation: Medial plantar nerve Lateral plantar nerve Origin Larger branch of tibial nerve Smaller branch of tibial nerve Course Deep to abductor hallucis muscleBetween 1st and 2nd plantar layers Deep to abductor hallucis muscleBetween 1st and 2nd…