Mnemonic: AB-BC-CES Bacteria Vomiting Diarrhea Fever Food source Duration 1-6 hrs (Preformed toxins) Aureus (S. aureus) +++ +/- +/- Meats, dairy, bakery 24-48 hrs B. Cereus +++ +/- – Reheated fried rice 24 hrs 8-16 hrs B. Cereus (diarrheal toxin) +/- +++ – Meats, stews, gravy 24-48 hrs C. Perfringes…
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Can You Mitigate Male Baldness?
Male baldness, also called male pattern baldness, affects many men as they age. It involves a gradual thinning of the hair on the scalp, which can cause anxiety and frustration for those who experience it. Genetics has a role in determining who will be affected by male baldness. Some steps…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Unpaired Branches of Abdominal Aorta : Mnemonic
Celiac trunk Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) Level T12 L1 L3 Branches LHS (Left Hand Side) MRI (distal to proximal) LeSS 1. Left gastric artery Middle colic artery Left colic artery 2. common Hepatic artery Right colic artery Sigmoid arteries 3. Splenic artery Ileocolic artery Superior rectal…
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Can Sleep Apnea be detected on EEG?
Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterised by interruptions in breathing during sleep. Surprisingly, it’s a very common and often undiagnosed sleep disorder that affects many. While men and older individuals are particularly susceptible, sleep apnea often impacts even children, leading to behavioural issues and poor school performance. There are…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Inguinal Canal : Mnemonics
Walls of Inguinal Canal Mnemonic: SALP 2 X MALT Starting from superior, moving counterclockwise in order to posterior: 1. Superior (Roof): 2 Muscles (Internal oblique, Transverse abdominus) 2. Anterior: 2 Aponeuroses (External abdominal oblique, Internal abdominal oblique) 3. Lower (Floor): 2 Ligaments (Lacunar and Inguinal) 4. Posterior: 2 T‘s (conjoint…
PGMEE, MRCS, USMLE, MBBS, MD/MS 
Refeeding Syndrome : Mnemonics
Risk factors Mnemonic: ABCD Pathophysiology Mnemonic: PPM Malnourished (depleted intracellular Phosphate, Potassium, Magnesium) → Refeeding → Increased glucose load → Insulin spikes → Drives PPM into cells → Hypophosphatemia (major abnormality), hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia Prevention If patient hasn’t not eaten for >5 days, aim to refeed at <50% energy and protein…
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Why Are People in Their 30s Looking Younger Than People in Their 20s?
People in their 30s are looking younger than people in their 20s. Click here to learn why.
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5 Things to Do After Being Diagnosed With Diabetes
When you are first diagnosed with diabetes, it is never easy. While it is a disease that affects about 537 people worldwide, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), this news can be overwhelming, but you are not alone. You can easily get help from friends and family to healthcare…